Tables of Climatological Normals (1991–2020)

The following tables indicate the monthly/annual climate normals for major observatories in Japan, calculated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) according to the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Technical Regulation based on observed data from 1991 to 2020.
The climate normals are the averages or totals of observed data over the consecutive period of 30 years and updated every decade.

Mean temperature ( °C )

Station	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
Sapporo	-3.2	-2.7	1.1	7.3	13.0	17.0	21.1	22.3	18.6	12.1	5.2	-0.9	9.2
Sendai	2.0	2.4	5.5	10.7	15.6	19.2	22.9	24.4	21.2	15.7	9.8	4.5	12.8
Niigata	2.5	3.1	6.2	11.3	16.7	20.9	24.9	26.5	22.5	16.7	10.5	5.3	13.9
Nagoya	4.8	5.5	9.2	14.6	19.4	23.0	26.9	28.2	24.5	18.6	12.6	7.2	16.2
Tokyo	5.4	6.1	9.4	14.3	18.8	21.9	25.7	26.9	23.3	18.0	12.5	7.7	15.8
Hiroshima	5.4	6.2	9.5	14.8	19.6	23.2	27.2	28.5	24.7	18.8	12.9	7.5	16.5
Osaka	6.2	6.6	9.9	15.2	20.1	23.6	27.7	29.0	25.2	19.5	13.8	8.7	17.1
Takamatsu	5.9	6.3	9.4	14.7	19.8	23.3	27.5	28.6	24.7	19.0	13.2	8.1	16.7
Fukuoka	6.9	7.8	10.8	15.4	19.9	23.3	27.4	28.4	24.7	19.6	14.2	9.1	17.3
Kagoshima	8.7	9.9	12.8	17.1	21.0	24.0	28.1	28.8	26.3	21.6	16.2	10.9	18.8
Naha	17.3	17.5	19.1	21.5	24.2	27.2	29.1	29.0	27.9	25.5	22.5	19.0	23.3

Daily Maximum temperature ( °C )

Station	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
Sapporo	-0.4	0.4	4.5	11.7	17.9	21.8	25.4	26.4	22.8	16.4	8.7	2.0	13.1
Sendai	5.6	6.5	10.0	15.5	20.2	23.1	26.6	28.2	25.0	19.8	14.1	8.3	16.9
Niigata	5.3	6.4	10.3	16.1	21.3	24.8	28.7	30.8	26.4	20.7	14.3	8.7	17.8
Nagoya	9.3	10.5	14.5	20.1	24.6	27.6	31.4	33.2	29.1	23.3	17.3	11.7	21.1
Tokyo	9.8	10.9	14.2	19.4	23.6	26.1	29.9	31.3	27.5	22.0	16.7	12.0	20.3
Hiroshima	9.9	10.9	14.5	19.8	24.4	27.2	30.9	32.8	29.1	23.7	17.7	12.1	21.1
Osaka	9.7	10.5	14.2	19.9	24.9	28.0	31.8	33.7	29.5	23.7	17.8	12.3	21.3
Takamatsu	9.7	10.5	14.1	19.8	24.8	27.5	31.7	33.0	28.8	23.2	17.5	12.1	21.1
Fukuoka	10.2	11.6	15.0	19.9	24.4	27.2	31.2	32.5	28.6	23.7	18.2	12.6	21.3
Kagoshima	13.1	14.6	17.5	21.8	25.5	27.5	31.9	32.7	30.2	25.8	20.6	15.3	23.1
Naha	19.8	20.2	21.9	24.3	27.0	29.8	31.9	31.8	30.6	28.1	25.0	21.5	26.0

Daily Minimum temperature ( °C )

Station	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
Sapporo	-6.4	-6.2	-2.4	3.4	9.0	13.4	17.9	19.1	14.8	8.0	1.6	-4.0	5.7
Sendai	-1.3	-1.1	1.4	6.3	11.7	16.1	20.2	21.6	18.0	11.9	5.6	0.9	9.3
Niigata	0.1	-0.1	2.4	7.0	12.7	17.7	21.8	23.3	19.0	12.8	6.9	2.4	10.5
Nagoya	1.1	1.4	4.6	9.7	14.9	19.4	23.5	24.7	21.0	14.8	8.6	3.4	12.3
Tokyo	1.2	2.1	5.0	9.8	14.6	18.5	22.4	23.5	20.3	14.8	8.8	3.8	12.1
Hiroshima	2.0	2.4	5.1	10.1	15.1	19.8	24.1	25.1	21.1	14.9	8.9	4.0	12.7
Osaka	3.0	3.2	6.0	10.9	16.0	20.3	24.6	25.8	21.9	16.0	10.2	5.3	13.6
Takamatsu	2.1	2.2	5.0	9.9	15.1	19.8	24.1	25.1	21.2	15.1	9.1	4.3	12.8
Fukuoka	3.9	4.4	7.2	11.5	16.1	20.3	24.6	25.4	21.6	16.0	10.6	5.8	14.0
Kagoshima	4.9	5.8	8.7	12.9	17.3	21.3	25.3	26.0	23.2	18.0	12.2	6.9	15.2
Naha	14.9	15.1	16.7	19.1	22.1	25.2	27.0	26.8	25.8	23.5	20.4	16.8	21.1

Precipitation ( mm )

Station	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
Sapporo	108.4	91.9	77.6	54.6	55.5	60.4	90.7	126.8	142.2	109.9	113.8	114.5	1146.1
Sendai	42.3	33.9	74.4	90.2	110.2	143.7	178.4	157.8	192.6	150.6	58.7	44.1	1276.7
Niigata	180.9	115.8	112.0	97.2	94.4	121.1	222.3	163.4	151.9	157.7	203.5	225.9	1845.9
Nagoya	50.8	64.7	116.2	127.5	150.3	186.5	211.4	139.5	231.6	164.7	79.1	56.6	1578.9
Tokyo	59.7	56.5	116.0	133.7	139.7	167.8	156.2	154.7	224.9	234.8	96.3	57.9	1598.2
Hiroshima	46.2	64.0	118.3	141.0	169.8	226.5	279.8	131.4	162.7	109.2	69.3	54.0	1572.2
Osaka	47.0	60.5	103.1	101.9	136.5	185.1	174.4	113.0	152.8	136.0	72.5	55.5	1338.3
Takamatsu	39.4	45.8	81.4	74.6	100.9	153.1	159.8	106.0	167.4	120.1	55.0	46.7	1150.1
Fukuoka	74.4	69.8	103.7	118.2	133.7	249.6	299.1	210.0	175.1	94.5	91.4	67.5	1686.9
Kagoshima	78.3	112.7	161.0	194.9	205.2	570.0	365.1	224.3	222.9	104.6	102.5	93.2	2434.7
Naha	101.6	114.5	142.8	161.0	245.3	284.4	188.1	240.0	275.2	179.2	119.1	110.0	2161.0

Relative Humidity ( % )

Station	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
Sapporo	69	68	65	61	65	72	75	75	71	67	67	68	69
Sendai	66	64	61	63	70	79	83	81	78	72	68	68	71
Niigata	72	74	68	66	69	74	79	75	73	72	74	74	72
Nagoya	64	60	58	59	64	71	73	69	70	68	66	66	66
Tokyo	51	52	57	62	68	75	76	74	75	71	64	56	65
Hiroshima	66	65	62	61	63	71	73	69	68	66	67	68	67
Osaka	61	60	59	58	61	68	70	66	67	65	64	62	63
Takamatsu	63	63	62	62	64	72	73	70	72	70	69	66	67
Fukuoka	63	62	63	64	67	75	75	72	73	68	66	63	68
Kagoshima	66	65	66	68	71	78	76	74	72	67	68	67	70
Naha	66	69	71	75	78	83	78	78	75	72	69	67	73

Sunshine duration ( h )

Station	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Annual
Sapporo	90.4	103.5	144.7	175.8	200.4	180.0	168.0	168.1	159.3	145.9	99.1	82.7	1718.0
Sendai	149.0	154.7	178.6	193.7	191.9	143.7	126.3	144.5	128.0	147.0	143.4	136.3	1836.9
Niigata	56.4	74.3	136.8	177.7	202.8	179.2	162.1	205.2	156.2	138.2	91.5	62.9	1639.6
Nagoya	174.5	175.5	199.7	200.2	205.5	151.8	166.0	201.3	159.6	168.9	167.1	170.3	2141.0
Tokyo	192.6	170.4	175.3	178.8	179.6	124.2	151.4	174.2	126.7	129.4	149.8	174.4	1926.7
Hiroshima	138.6	140.1	176.7	191.9	210.8	154.6	173.4	207.3	167.3	178.6	153.3	140.6	2033.1
Osaka	146.5	140.6	172.2	192.6	203.7	154.3	184.0	222.4	161.6	166.1	152.6	152.1	2048.6
Takamatsu	141.4	143.8	175.0	194.5	210.1	158.2	191.8	221.2	159.6	164.6	145.5	142.7	2046.5
Fukuoka	104.1	123.5	161.2	188.1	204.1	145.2	172.2	200.9	164.7	175.9	137.3	112.2	1889.4
Kagoshima	132.6	139.3	163.2	175.6	178.2	109.3	185.5	206.9	176.4	184.0	157.7	143.2	1942.1
Naha	93.1	93.1	115.3	120.9	138.2	159.5	227.0	206.3	181.3	163.3	121.7	107.4	1727.1